fiqh- class 2
PURIFICATION
Second Pillar of Islam - SALAH
Salaat (Prayer) is one of the main obligations which Allah (subhanahu wa ta'ala) has ordained on His servants. It is the first act of worship decreed on the Muslim Nation (Ummah) by Allah (subhanahu wa ta'ala) and was ordained on the night of the Prophet's (peace be upon him) ascension to the seven heavens. It is the second of the five pillars of Islam after the proclamation of the "Shahada" (the words of witness).
The Prophet ﷺ also said:“ The obligation which separates us from them (the non-believers) is the prayer and he who renounces it becomes a disbeliever” (Related by Imams Ahmed and Muslim).
As before getting into Salah we need to Purify our selves, we will InshaAllah learn about Purification first.
Purification
Purity (Tahârah) is a beautiful word that is pleasing to the ears, and it is a quality which everyone strives to maintain. From an Islamic perspective, purity is a word which is general in its meaning. It may mean physical cleanness, which is purity (of the body) from impure substances or states of impurity, or it may mean spiritual purity, which is the purity of one’s self from vices, faults, sins, and replacing them with good deeds, whether in speech or deeds.
This comprehensive meaning of purity is indicated in the words of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as reported by Abu Hurairah, (R.A.):
“What do you think? If there was a river at the door of one of you in which he bathes five times a day, would there be any filth left on him?” They answered, “There would be no filth left.” The Prophet ﷺ said, “That is like the five Prayers, through them Allâh wipes away sins.” (al-Bukhâri)
Also, the Prayer (Salât) is not accepted except if one is in a state of purity. This state if purity is achieved either through performing ablution (wudoo´), as in the case of minor impurity, or a bath (ghusl), as in the case of major impurity. The Prophet ﷺ said:
“No Prayer is accepted without purification, and no charity is accepted from earnings made from impermissible sources.” (Muslim)
If a Muslim purifies himself in accordance with Allâh’s commandments and the Prophet’s instructions, his Prayer will be a means for him to purify himself of sins.
Islam is a religion of both outward and inward purity. Allâh’s Messenger ﷺ severely warned those who neglect physical purity which is a prerequisite for the validity of certain acts of worship, like Prayer, circumambulation (Tawâf) of the Ka’bah, touching or holding the Qur`ân, and its likes.
Ibn ‘Abbâs (R.A.) said: “The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ passed by two graves and said:
“Indeed they are being punished, but for something which seemed trivial to them: this one used not to guard himself from urine; whereas the other was used to tale bearing.” He ﷺ requested a green leaf of a palm branch, split it into two halves, and put a half on each grave. He ﷺ then said, “Hopefully their punishment will be lightened until they (the branches) become dry.” (al-Bukhâri)
The Unique Qualities of Purification
1. Purification is equal to half of the faith:
The Prophet of Allâh ﷺ said in this regard: “Cleanliness is equal to half the faith…” (Muslim)
2. Purification is one of the ways one can please Allâh and earn His love. Allâh (S.W.T.) said:
“Indeed Allâh loves those who continually seek repentance and those who purify themselves.” [Surah al-Baqarah (2):222]
3. To preserve and guard purification, [by always striving to be in a state of purity by performing ablution,] is one of the qualities of believers, for it is a type of worship seen only by Allâh.
The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Adhere to righteousness even though you will not be able to do all acts of virtue. Know that the best of your deeds is Salat (prayer) and that no one maintains his ablution except a believer.'" (Ibn Maajah)
4. Maintaining purification is an act that leads to acceptance of supplication.
Mu’aadh Ibn Jabal – Radhiyallahu ‘Anhu narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“There is no Muslim that goes to sleep with the remembrance of Allah and in a state of purity and is then startled and wakes during the night and asks Allah for the good of this world and the hereafter except that He gives it to him”
(Collected by Abu Daawood 5042 and declared ‘Saheeh’ by Shaikh Al Albaani)
5. Angel prays for you.
Abu Hurairah – Radhiyallahu ‘Anhu said that the Prophet ﷺ said:
‘Whoever sleeps while in a state of purification then an Angel sleeps in his garment, he does not wake up at any time during the night except that the Angel says: O Allaah forgive Your slave such and such since he went to sleep upon purification.’ [Albaani declared it to have a Hasan Isnaad in Silsilah Saheehah no. 2539]
6. Purification elevates one’s rank and status.
Abu Hurairah (R.A.) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said to Bilâl at the time of the Fajr (Dawn) Prayer:
“O Bilâl, Tell me the most promising deed you have done in Islâm, for I heard the sound of your footsteps in Paradise.” Bilâl answered: “I haven’t done an act more hopeful to me than this: I have never performed ablution during the day or night except that [after it] I performed what I could of voluntary Prayers.” (al-Bukhâri)
Wudhu (Ablution)
Prior to entering Salaat, the person is required to undertake a certain purification procedure known as "Wudhu" without which, the person's prayer would not be acceptable in the sight of Allah (subhanahu wa ta'ala).
Allah,-the Almighty, says: “O ye who believe, when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces and your arms to the elbows,- rub your heads (with water),- and (wash) your feet to the ankles” (Qur'an 5:6).
And the Prophet ﷺ, said: “ Prayer without ablution is invalid” (Reported by Imam Muslim).
Conditions for the Performance of Wudhu
There are various conditions required to be fulfilled in the performance of Wudhu which are as follows:
Acceptance of the Islamic Faith.
Sanity and consciousness.
Intention (Anniyah) to perform Wudhu as an act of worship.
Purifying oneself from urine, excrement and all other kind of impurities before performing Wudhu.
Ensuring the purity of the water to be used for the Wudhu.
Ensuring that water is not prevented from reaching the parts of the body which need to be washed in the performance of the Wudhu.
Being conscious and keeping the Wudhu in mind.
Essential Acts of Wudhu
Washing the entire face once with Rinsing the mouth with water and Sniffing of water in and out of the nostrils.
Washing each arm once.
Wiping the head once till the nape of neck and passing of water outside and inside of the earlobes.
Washing the feet up to the ankles.
Ensuring that the above 4 acts are performed in the given sequence.
Performing the Wudhu acts continuously and without unnecessary let-ups until completion.
Voluntary Acts of Wudhu
Besides the above essential acts of Wudhu, there are also some voluntary but recommended acts in the Wudhu procedure. These are as follows:
Invoking Allah (subhanahu wa ta'ala) at the start of the Wudhu.
Washing of both hands up to the wrists.
Doing all acts three times
InshaAllah in the next class we will continue to study Wudoo and will deal with: -
How the Wudhu is performed
Important Points on Wudhu
Wiping Over the Socks
How Wiping Over the Socks is Done
When the Wiping Privilege Ceases
Matters which Invalidate the Wudhu
TIPS FOR THE TEST
By heart the Essential acts of Wudu
Remember the virtues as it is something that should motivate us to be in a state of wudu.
ATTENDANCE/ASSIGNMENT
The marks for Attendance/Assignment will be given based on the below activities:
Talk to 5 people (family/friends) and discuss the real meaning of La Ilaaha Ill Allah (None Has the right to be Worshipped but Allah) - 8 Marks
Pray for the Ummah - 2 Marks.
DISCUSSING WITH FRIENDS/FAMILY
Please take this assignment as a motivation to start talking about Islam and make it part of your regular day (even if you do not know too much, spread the little that you know, as the Prophet ﷺ said “Convey from me, even if it is one verse”), most of us are too shy to talk about Islam but are ok to talk about anything under the sky.
You have the full week to do so.
There will be a question asked in the Test paper about the Assignment, you will have to mention what you did to get the marks accordingly.
May Allah help us all Learn the Good to apply it in our lives and the Evil to stay away from it InshaAllah!
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As Salam Aliakum Wa Rahmatullaahi Wa Barkaatuhu :)