CLASS 7
ABU UBAYDAH BIN AL-JARRAH, SA’D BIN MUADH & JAFAR BIN ABI TALIB
(RadhiAllahu Anhum)
ABU UBAYDAH BIN AL-JARRAH
The Trustworthy of this Ummah
Who Was He?
He was Abu Ubaydah bin Al-Jarrah Al-Quraishi, Al-FihriyyuAl-Makkee. He was one of the first groups of people to acceptIslam. He was the one Abu Bakr preferred for the Khilafah. Heindicated this on the Day of the Saqeefah due to Abu Ubaydah’sgreat competence. He accepted Islam along with ‘Uthman binMadhun and participated in all the battles fought by the Prophetﷺ . He was steadfast on the day of Uhud.
His Virtues
Hudhaifah reported that the Prophet ﷺ said to the people of Najran: “I will send to you an honest man who is really trustworthy.” Every one of the (Muslim) people hoped to be that one. The Prophet ﷺ then sent Abu Ubaydah bin AI-Ja.rrah.
‘Abdullah also reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Ubaydah bin Al-Jarrah: “This is the trustworthy of this nation.“
Abu Hurrayrah reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “What an excellent man Abu Bakr is, what an excellent man ‘Umar is, and what an excellent man Abu Ubaydah bin AI-Jarrah is.”
On the day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, Abu Bakr As Siddiq said to Banu Sa’adah at the Saqeefah: “I am pleased to present for your consideration (for the leadership) one of these two men: ‘Umar and Abu Ubaydah.”
Zayd bin Maslamah reported from his father that ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab said to his companions: “Make a wish all of you.” One of them said: “I wish that this house is filled with dirham so that I can spend it in the path of Allah.”
Again, he said, “Make a wish.” So another man said: “I wish that this house was filled with gold so that I can spend it in the path of Allah.”
For the third time, ‘Umar asked them to make a wish. Another person said: “I wish this house is filled with gems or something similar so that I may spend it in the path of Allah.”
‘Umar asked again: “Make a wish” and they responded, “We don’t have any other thing to wish for after these.”
Then he said,” As for me, I wish that this house is filled with men like Abu Ubaydah bin Al-Jarrah, Muadh bin Jabal and Hudhaifah bin AI-Yaman so that I may employ them in the obedience of Allah.”
It is said: Then he sent some money to Hudhaifah and said, “Wait and see what he will do with it.” When the money got to him, Hudhaifah distributed everything to the poor and the needy. Then he sent money to Muadh bin Jabal and he too distributed it. Similarly, he sent some money to Abu Ubaydah and said, “You will see what he too will do.” And again, Abu Ubaydah did as the previous two Companions. ‘Umar said, “I have informed you (about them).”
Tameem bin Salamah reported that ‘Umar met Abu Ubaydah one day, he shook his hands and kissed it and both of them parted while they were crying.
His Ji had
The Battle of Badr
The deep faith of Abu Ubaydah manifested in the Battle of Badr. On that day, he exemplified his sincerity to Allah, and his loyalty to Him and His Messenger.
‘Abdullah bin Shawdhab said: “Abu Ubaydah’s father kept obstructing his path (on the battlefield spoiling for a fight with his son). Abu Ubaydah kept avoiding him. When the action of his father became persistent, Abu Ubaydah confronted him and he killed him. Thereafter, Allah revealed regarding his killing of his father:
‘You (0 Muhammad) will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, making friendship with those who oppose Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad ﷺ), even though they were their fathers.”‘ (Mujadilah:22)
The Battle of Uhud Karamah (Miracle)
Jabir reported: “Allah’s Messenger ﷺ sent us under the command of Abu Ubaydah bin Al-Jarrah in order to intercept the caravan of the Quraish pagans. We had no more than a bag of dates as our provision.
Abu Ubaydah kept on giving us our daily ration of a date each.” I said, “What did you do with it?” He said, “We would suck it like a child and we would drink water on top of it and that would be sufficient for us for that day till night fall. We also used to beat the leaves of Al-Khabt and we would soak it in water and then we would eat it.
“We travelled along the seashore and then the sea threw out something like a huge sand dune. We went to it and it was an animal (i.e. a fish) called Al-Anbar.
“Abu Ubaydah (initially) said: ‘Dead animal!’ On a second thought, he said: ‘No! We are messengers of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. We are out to fight in the path of Allah and we are straitened, so eat it.’
We subsisted on it for a month, the three hundred of us, until we put on weight. We were scooping out buckets of oil from its eye socket and we were cutting large chunks of meat like that of a bull.
We stored some part of its dried meat. When we got to Madinah, we went to the Messenger of Allah
ﷺ and we mentioned the incident to him, so he said: ‘It is a provision brought out for you by Allah. Do you have any of its meat with you so that you may feed us with it?’ We sent some of its meat to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he ate from it.”
From His Sermon
Abul Hasan Imran bin Namran reported that Abu Ubaydah would walk among the soldiers and would say: “How many a fellow who would wash his garment resplendently white but would soil his deen (religion). How many a person who considers himself honorable, but who, in reality, disgraces his soul? Hurry to replace the past sins with new good deeds.”
His Zuhd
Hisham bin Urwah reported from his father that: “When ‘Umar arrived in Sham, he was welcomed by governors and other great personages. Then he asked: “Where is my brother, Abu Ubaydah?” They responded: “He is just coming to you now.” He came on a camel whose rein was a rope. He said the salam (greeting of peace) to him. Then ‘Umar said to the people: “depart from us.” So he rode alongside him until they got to Abu Ubaydah’ s house. So they alighted there and he did not see anything in his house except his sword, his shield and his saddle. So ‘Umar said to him: “Why don’t you get some possessions,” or he said something similar. Then he said to ‘Umar “These are sufficient to carry us to the Place of Rest.”
Acceptance of Fate
When the plague of Amwas spread in Syria, many people were martyred. Abu Ubaydah stood in the face of the decree of Allah like an imposing mountain and a great tower. His channel withstood the waves of calamity.
Tariq bin Shihab reported: ‘”Umar dispatched a letter to Abu Ubaydah saying: ‘An urgent need has occurred to me and your presence is imperative to that need, so hurry to me.’ When Abu Ubaydah read the letter, he said, ‘I know why the Amir Al Mu’minin needs me. He wants to secure the survival of someone who, however, is not eternal.’ So he wrote to ‘Umar: ‘I know that you need me but please release me from your command and permit me to stay on. I am in an army of Muslims and I have no desire to save myself from what is afflicting them.’
“When ‘Umar read this letter he wept. Those who were with him asked, ‘Has Abu Ubaydah died?’ ‘No,’ he said, ‘But it is just as if he has died. “‘
Abu Ubaydah died from the plague and death from it is martyrdom. Abu Ubaydah was happy when the trace of the plague appeared in his hand, he said: “By Allah, I will not prefer in its place red camels.” May Allah be pleased with him.
SA’D BIN MU’ADH
The Hero for whom the Throne Shook at His Death
Who Was He?
He was the great leader, the martyr, Sa’d bin Mu’adh bin AnNu’man bin Abd Al-Ash’ hal Abu Amr Al-Ansari Al-Awsi AlAsh’hali, Al-Badri, the one for whom the Throne shook because of his death.
He was a very fair, tall and handsome man. He had a radiant face, good eyes and a full beard. He accepted Islam at the hands of Mus’ ab bin Umayr.
Ibn Ishaq said: “When he accepted Islam, he stood amongst his tribe and said to them: ‘0 Bani Abd Al-Ash’hal, what is my position in your midst?’ They all replied: ‘Our leader in nobility and our right hand chief.’ [He said:] ‘Your words about me would be haram as well as your men and women unless you believe in Allah and His Messenger.”‘
He also said: By Allah, no one remained in the households of Bani ‘Abd Al-Ash’hal neither amongst the men nor of the women except that they all accepted Islam.
Ibn Shihab said: Sa’d bin Mu’adh witnessed the Battle of Badr and he was shot with an arrow at the Battle of Khandaq. He lived for a month after that, then his wound relapsed and he died.
Author’s words: In spite of the fact that he lived only a few years in Islam, his contribution outstripped his lifetime (in Islam). He entrenched glory for himself and for his deen.
Great Moments in His life
The great moments in the life of this righteous slave (of Allah) are quite numerous. This is the man that the Throne shook because of his death and the Angels moved in frenzy in a bid to outstrip one another to partake in his funeral and to bear his bier in reverence and humility for him. Amongst this great moments are:
The Day of the Banu Quraydah
‘A’ishah was in the fort of Banu Harith on the Day of Khandaq and the mother of Sa’ d was with her when Sa’ d passed by wearing an undersized coat of mail which left his entire arm exposed. He had a spear in his hand which he continuously shook while saying:
Haml stayed for a short while watching the turmoil
There is no qualms about death when the time has come
On hearing this, his mother responded to him: “0 my son! You have delayed.” So I said to her: “0 mother of Sa’d, how I wish the armor of Sa’d is bigger than it is.” Sad was hit by an arrow (i.e. on the Day of Khandaq.) Ibn AI-‘ Araqah shot him (with an arrow). When he was hit he said, “Take that from me, I am ibn Al-Araqah.” Sa’ d said to him: “May Allah make your face araqa (perspire) in the Hellfire.”
Then he prayed: “0 Allah! If there still remains any fight with the Quraish, then keep me alive till I fight against them for Your Sake. There are no people more beloved to me to fight against in Your Cause but those who disbelieved Your Prophet, belied him and turned him out (of Makkah). But if you have brought the war to an end, then let this wound be (a cause of) martyrdom for me and do not kill me yet until You delight me regarding Banu Quraydah.”
Banu Quraydah had breached their covenant with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and allied themselves with the confederates in order to provide them an easy access into Madinah to attack the Muslims. It was only the grace of Allah that saved the Muslims.
When they breached their covenant, Allah’s Messenger ﷺ sent Sa’d to them to remind them of the covenant but they insulted him and hurt the Prophet ﷺ. It is for this reason Sa’d said what he said.
When Allah defeated the confederates alone, the Prophet ﷺ laid siege on them (Banu Quraydah) until they agreed to a verdict set by Sa’d bin Mu’adh. So Allah’s Messenger ﷺ sent for him (Sa’d) and he passed the verdict that their warriors should be killed and their children and women should be taken as prisoners. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “You have passed judgment on them with the judgment of Allah which He has given above the seven Heavens.”
His Death
Mahmud bin Labeed said: When Sa’d’s median arm vein was hit, he becan1e heavy with illness so he was transferred to the care of a woman called Rufaydah to treat the wound. Any time the Prophet ﷺ passed by, he would say: “How do you feel this evening? How do you feel this morning?” and Sa’d bin Mu’adh would respond to him until the night in which he was taken by his people to the quarters of Banu Al-Ash’al. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and said: “They have taken him.” Then he went out and we went with him. He walked very fast until the straps of our shoes cut and the Companions complained about that to him. The Prophet ﷺ said: “I am just afraid that the Angels will get to him before us and bathed him just as they did to Hanzalah.” When he got to the house, Sa’d had been washed and his mother was weeping over him saying:
“Woe befalls Umm Sa’d for the loss of Sa’d; love has been punctured.”
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Every weeper is false except Umm Sa’d,” then he went out with his body. The people said to him: “We have never carried a corpse lighter upon us (to carry) than his.” He responded to them: “Nothing prevents him from being light except that so and so angel who had never descended until that day was also carrying him with you.”
The Messenger of Allah had visited him when his illness got worse and just before his soul departed. ‘Abdullah bin Shadad said: Allah’s Messenger ﷺ entered upon Sa’d when his soul was nearing its end and he said to him: “May Allah reward you with good amongst the leaders of men, you have fulfilled your pact (with Allah) and Allah shall fulfil His promise to you.”
The Throne (of Allah) Shook Because of His Death
What virtue is greater than this? What distinction is greater than this? A slave died on Earth and the Throne shook in joy and delight because of his arrival.
Jabir reported: Jibril came to Allah’s Messenger ﷺ and said: “Who is this servant that died for whom all the gates of the heavens were opened and the Throne shook?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ responded: “That is Sa’ d!”
Imam Adh-Dhahabi said: The statement of the Prophet ﷺ has been concurrently reported that: “The Throne shook in joy at the death of Sa’ d.” It is also established from the Prophet ﷺ that he said regarding a robe whose beauty amazed him: “The handkerchief of Sa’ d in Paradise is far more beautiful than this.”
Ad-Dhahabi also said: The Throne is a creation of Allah and He employs it the way He wishes. U He wanted it to shake, it shook by the wish of Allah and He made it as a symbol of His love for Sa’d just as Allah made the mounttain of Uhud a symbol of His love for the Prophet ﷺ. Allah says: “0 you mountains. Glorify (Allah) with him!” (Saba’ :10)
When Sa’d bin Mu’adh’s soul was taken, his mother screamed and the Prophet ﷺ said: “Shouldn’t we dry your tears (delight you) and take away your grief? Certainly, your son is the first person Allah smiled at ru1d the Throne shook for his sake.“
The Angels Attend His Funeral
Glory be to Allah, the worth of a man is heightened when he recognizes his Lord. The delegates of Ar-Rahman descend at his death (saying): “Fear not, nor grieve! But receive the glad tidings of Paradise which you have been promised!” (Fussilat:30)
Here they are leading the funeral of Sa’d and here they are walking all arow1d him in a solemn procession that the pen is incapable of describing.
Ibn ‘Umar narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “This is a righteous servant for whom the Throne shook and for whom the gates of heavens were thrown open and whose funeral was witnessed by 70,000 Angels who had never descended to the Earth until that day.”
Sa’d R.A., died at the age of thirty-seven and Allah’s Messenger ﷺ led his janazah and he was burried at the Baqi.
JA’FAR BIN ABI TALIB
He Flew with the Angels In the Heavens
Our guest in this section is, the master, the martyr of great repute, a luminary among the Mujahidun, Abu ‘Abdullah, the son of the uncle of Allah’s Messenger: Jafar bin Abi Talib, the brother of Ali bin Abi Talib. He was older than’ Ali by ten years.
He participated in the two hijrahs and also migrated from Abyssinia to Madinah. He met the Muslims while they were at Khaybar just after it was conquered. He stayed in Madinah only for a few months when Allah’s Messenger ﷺ appointed him to lead the Muslim army to the Battle of Mu’tah in the region of Karaka where he was martyred. Allah’s Messenger ﷺ was greatly pleased at his arrival and he was extremely saddened at his demise.
His Virtues
Al-Bara’ narrated: Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said to Ja’far: “You resemble me both in look and in character.“
Abu Hurrayrah narrated: “No one under the sky who walks on the Earth’s surface, aside from the Messenger of Allah, was better than Ja’far (i.e. in his generosity and nobility).”
His Encounter With Najashi in the Land of Habashah
It is reported that Umm Salamah said: “Makkah had become constricted on us and the Companions of Allah’s Messenger were tortured and oppressed. Their situation became unbearable and Allah’s Messenger ﷺ could not do anything to protect them. He was under the protection of his family and his uncle. None of the kind of repression that afflicted his Companions touched him. As a result, Allah’s Messenger ﷺ advised them: ‘There is a king in the land of Habashah, and none is wronged under his authority. So move to his land until Allah provides a way out for you.’ So we headed toward him as a delegation. We arrived there safely and we remained in freedom and security enjoying freedom in the practice of our deen.” We remained in the land of Najashi benefiting from his generosity and kindness until we came back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was still in Makkah.”
The emigrants left Abyssinia and rerumed to Makkah but Ja’far remained tmtil the year of the conquest of Khaybar. The Prophetﷺ was quite pleased with his return. Ash-Sha’bi said: When Allah’s Messenger returned from Khaybar, Ja’far met him; he embraced him and kissed him in between his eyes. He said: “I do not know which fills me with more happiness, the conquest of Khaybar or the coming of Ja’far.”
Martyrdom in the Cause of Allah
“The army left and they met whatever Allah wished for them. Then Allah’s Messenger ﷺ climbed the minbar (pulpit) and ordered that As-salat Al-Jamia be proclaimed. (i.e. to call the people to congregate in the masjid). When the people gathered, he said to them: ‘Shouldn’t I inform you about your army? They met the enemy and Zayd was martyred, seek Allah’s forgiveness for him. Then Ja’far took the flag from him and he commanded the people until he was killed. Then Ibn Rawahah took it and he was firm (against the enemy) until he was martyred. Then Khalid took the flag without being nominated as a commander (beforehand), he appointed himself.’ Then Allah’s Messenger ﷺ raised his finger and said: ‘0 Allah, he is a sword amongst your swords, so aid him.’ It was on this day he (Khalid) was named ‘The Sword of Allah‘
His Valor (He Flies with the Angels in Paradise)
He (i.e. Ja’far) attained an excellent fortune in this battle. It has been reported: “While Allah’s Messenger ﷺ was sitting and Asma bint ‘Umays was close by, he said: ‘0 Asma! This is Ja’far passing by along with Jibril and Mikhail. He has informed me that he met the polytheist and that he was struck 73 times on his front side of his body. He took the flag in his right hand and it was severed, then he held it with his left and that too was amputated. And he said: Allah replaced my two hands with two wings with which I fly with the angels Jibril and Mikhail in Paradise eating from its fruits.”‘
‘Abdullah bin Ja’far said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Be delighted 0 ‘Abdullah bin Ja’far, your father flies with the angels in the heaven.”
The Messenger of Allah Wept
Asma said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to me and requested for Ja’far’s children? I saw him lean over and hug them while tears flowed from his eyes. Apprehensive, I asked him: ‘0 Messenger of Allah, has any news reached you regarding Ja’far?’ ‘Yes,’ he replied. ‘he was killed today.’ So we started crying and he went back. He said (to the People): ‘Prepare food for the family of Ja’far for there came upon them an incident which has engaged them “‘
TIPS OF TEST
Do not have to memorise the ayahs or hadeeths word for word and their references, but remember their meanings and the msg being given.
The tests in this course are open book tests, so you do not need to memorise things just give it a good read so that you can come back and look for your answers in the test.
ASSIGNMENT
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Speak about any 3 Sahaba and the best thing about them with 3 people. 10 Marks
Pray for the Ummah, pray for the ease of all the poor & oppressed Muslims and pray that Allah make us all strong in imaan and give us the hidayah to work for the aakhirah and to help each other. - 1 Mark
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